OS – Tech Blog of Edward

[libressl] Generate RSA key

admin / 1 June, 2018

In the latest version of libressl, RSA_generate_key is deprecated, RSA_generate_key_ex should be implemented instead. Implementation (updated) Source file (test.c)

#include <openssl/rsa.h>
#include <openssl/pem.h>

int main(){
	const int kBits = 2048;
	unsigned long e = RSA_F4;
	int keylen;
	char *pem_key;
	
	// BIGNUM PART
	BIGNUM* bignum = BN_new();
	if(BN_set_word(bignum, e))
		printf("[Debug] BIGNUM allocated!\n");
	else
		printf("[Debug] BIGNUM NOT allocated!\n");

	// RSA PART
	RSA *rsa = RSA_new();
	if(RSA_generate_key_ex(rsa, 2048, bignum, NULL))
		printf("[Debug] RSA allocated!\n");
	else
		printf("[Debug] RSA NOT allocated!\n");

	// BIO PART
	BIO *bio = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
	PEM_write_bio_RSAPrivateKey(bio, rsa, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);

	keylen = BIO_pending(bio);
	pem_key = calloc(keylen+1, 1); /* Null-terminate */
	BIO_read(bio, pem_key, keylen);

	// OUTPUT
	printf("%s", pem_key);

	// FREE THE MEMORY
	BIO_free_all(bio);
	RSA_free(rsa);
	BN_free(bignum);
	free(pem_key);
	return 0;
}

#include <openssl/rsa.h>

#include <openssl/pem.h>

int main(){

const int kBits = 2048;

unsigned long e = RSA_F4;

int keylen;

char *pem_key;

// BIGNUM PART

BIGNUM* bignum = BN_new();

if(BN_set_word(bignum, e))

printf("[Debug] BIGNUM allocated!\n");

else

printf("[Debug] BIGNUM NOT allocated!\n");

// RSA PART

RSA *rsa = RSA_new();

if(RSA_generate_key_ex(rsa, 2048, bignum, NULL))

printf("[Debug] RSA allocated!\n");

else

printf("[Debug] RSA NOT allocated!\n");

// BIO PART

BIO *bio = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());

PEM_write_bio_RSAPrivateKey(bio, rsa, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);

keylen = BIO_pending(bio);

pem_key = calloc(keylen+1, 1); /* Null-terminate */

BIO_read(bio, pem_key, keylen);

// OUTPUT

printf("%s", pem_key);

// FREE THE MEMORY

BIO_free_all(bio);

RSA_free(rsa);

BN_free(bignum);

free(pem_key);

return 0;

}

To compile and run the program, the library libcrypto should be imported

gcc test.c -lcrypto && ./a.out

1	gcc test.c -lcrypto && ./a.out

Expected output

[Debug] BIGNUM allocated!
[Debug] RSA allocated!
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

[Debug] BIGNUM allocated!

[Debug] RSA allocated!

-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

MIIEpAIBAAKCAQEAw6QyusfybtOxUolVOgSqEEB2+Z673ivZohn2kWyw/W0jSxzR

drQuK+OXcQYMxft09LtYkqtnhf8cA/UoFhOg2edhfI21j7R+4WHadJeq+cFEBceY

x7+uiHh0ju/OX7vBoGg1BaiE6Hw/c6KI90HQpG4fEAIJ3qjAe4MAkBbbdmylN9mb

iSwQi5NgY9ves3gVl7ZSlwpFfq72gUPoQzQPF5cquYZohHbv4d8c0Jee+npi1pmM

eXZHUqLhkxR1DZpqDW2UI49y/DtDWzjeAnEGP22hEa7f53alFWpwAVvSs2iH7JqP

uN6+KI+0iVErH4pDAiF1H0SwV0W7YTQNzo147QIDAQABAoIBAQCTlSPnnrmVPQBB

APRXxfj8NYUKnOGfoXiVPfywi0uggVnkaaLhZt6FoTQ2wJeWKjB6BXG1grOfc2iQ

27kXnkry1gbGTKgv9brZDlYbKeaCbXaA3aa02DYzIJrc0K3freVMug91a0CHmGLN

OkkULIPV5nRsQP1tB+PbyGD+UR/Q3qatpWvmPYjDJwjVTg9iB24c5AqNDJlGbcFZ

OrtJC1ns2f/YpGZNooVyk/ULjCOgukYf3izmEVuxaDpZ86uGwAWiuwurZT0BjqAL

jIRNl6J4sk49OKiJx7VqnVSsPaHjiyPcWrgIhN+Zoy/nPqPmwkBmfjFqO62aAx09

Ba2NvLvBAoGBAOU56A8NYjtXARzdoXABNqIqYvcm61wt/XV+Tf2E9xOzbic6/uuK

gUHf18dqEH23FJFW9e1dkBWzWO9PdgCzGvmyec82WJRJMuFsgoHdAiKt3oca/OCN

2ZlgQqrWafNHfEIpVbqmyhizS2F5hnBcEw5NrN+APJYc7r91h20QJ1BFAoGBANp+

Eo6WcDlZJrZqolhTdZLt+Nr9/1/cEy0mkMYNMTD+tZEymEViDtm8wfqL20euWU2r

0WngNBs3pHEeaywa5B8y1p0n3koco5Cjkt6LDPAOg+6vymtK5/Uw7mY+P2EhJPTJ

5NuEKYDltnGu75z1/mcbDaHEXwZNw8LjHX0xd7SJAoGAYfO1s0Dv2hWatyAKDVen

ZfKg6aYq6vAIH/4CC7SW9Ec3afIu3q4IAANMLL2pIF9snZLAclcJ7AwAk/qrnS7r

9wmKPb6maW9CG8wHlMDBWdpcffVNXBOhiYX11xTan4fLlGYfaSw+rgFn09ZfWYIu

7mzI05Tzzt28M/pgDX3antUCgYEApR0c/PAnAs+id7wBz2nSsiRwKV5FPLXdMAOy

6FhT0kjKAV4QwG4n9te0Z5iFL5hMGGw9pxsthVv5QxrPttbjicgrczwLukoGOWnD

tbWzIz506U2jVI2Y2SwPHOjxkH8xpGNmNZWcn7H4u9SNczpa9KP3G0aA4QynYYGs

aU2WvrECgYAWVONkYjYUc1EChoEK/VK9QGUTQUrb+IDAzQF/GmwONmOnWz1SW4iF

OxkePdHnA/TPwLBp/78yUHwuJHnHawgOo9XR3aDz15h318kZtv2/BygHMVX8XZbS

vlI7wPlyxRvmMhxgBxqmqQQCRVvyRXLEirg91fqPkECCnx9mT/cPHw==

-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

Implementation (deprecated) Source file (test.c)

#include <openssl/rsa.h>
#include <openssl/pem.h>

int main(){
	const int kBits = 1024;
	const int kExp = 3;

	int keylen;
	char *pem_key;

	RSA *rsa = RSA_generate_key(kBits, kExp, 0, 0);

	/* To get the C-string PEM form: */
	BIO *bio = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
	PEM_write_bio_RSAPrivateKey(bio, rsa, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);

	keylen = BIO_pending(bio);
	pem_key = calloc(keylen+1, 1); /* Null-terminate */
	BIO_read(bio, pem_key, keylen);

	printf("%s", pem_key);

	BIO_free_all(bio);
	RSA_free(rsa);
	free(pem_key);
	return 0;
}

#include <openssl/rsa.h>

#include <openssl/pem.h>

int main(){

const int kBits = 1024;

const int kExp = 3;

int keylen;

char *pem_key;

RSA *rsa = RSA_generate_key(kBits, kExp, 0, 0);

/* To get the C-string PEM form: */

BIO *bio = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());

PEM_write_bio_RSAPrivateKey(bio, rsa, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);

keylen = BIO_pending(bio);

pem_key = calloc(keylen+1, 1); /* Null-terminate */

BIO_read(bio, pem_key, keylen);

printf("%s", pem_key);

BIO_free_all(bio);

RSA_free(rsa);

free(pem_key);

return 0;

}

C, Linux

Gatekeeper [Network setup]

admin / 18 February, 2018

DPDK(network setup) Add two virtual network interfaces in settings in Virtual Box

"Network > Adapter x"
Attached to : Bridged Adapter

"Advanced"
Adapter Type : Intel PRO/1000 MT Server (82545EM)

"Network > Adapter x"

Attached to : Bridged Adapter

"Advanced"

Adapter Type : Intel PRO/1000 MT Server (82545EM)

Check if the network interfaces have been successfully mapped into lua/if_map.lua

return {
        ["enp0s3"] = "0000:00:03.0",
        ["enp0s8"] = "0000:00:08.0",
        ["enp0s9"] = "0000:00:09.0",
}

return {

["enp0s3"] = "0000:00:03.0",

["enp0s8"] = "0000:00:08.0",

["enp0s9"] = "0000:00:09.0",

}

Check the network devices status using dpdk-devbind.py under gatekeeper/dependencies/dpdk/tools

python dependencies/dpdk/tools/dpdk-devbind.py --status

1	python dependencies/dpdk/tools/dpdk-devbind.py --status

Load the module vfio-pci / uio_pci_generic

sudo modprobe uio_pci_generic
## OR ##
sudo modprobe vfio-pci

sudo modprobe uio_pci_generic

## OR ##

sudo modprobe vfio-pci

Fix, Windows

Recover corrupted USB from format of other OS to windows

admin / 7 February, 2018

Call diskpart utility In Windows cmd.exe

diskpart

diskpart

To see the list of disk attached

DISKPART> list disk


  Disk ###  Status         Size     Free     Dyn  Gpt
  --------  -------------  -------  -------  ---  ---
  Disk 0    Online          119 GB      0 B
  Disk 1    Online          931 GB      0 B
  Disk 2    Online         7640 MB  7639 MB

DISKPART> list disk

Disk ### Status Size Free Dyn Gpt

-------- ------------- ------- ------- --- ---

Disk 0 Online 119 GB 0 B

Disk 1 Online 931 GB 0 B

Disk 2 Online 7640 MB 7639 MB

Select the disk as target and rebuild the partition

DISKPART> select disk 2

Disk 2 is now the selected disk.

DISKPART> create partition primary

DiskPart succeeded in creating the specified partition.

DISKPART> active

DiskPart marked the current partition as active.

DISKPART> select disk 2

Disk 2 is now the selected disk.

DISKPART> create partition primary

DiskPart succeeded in creating the specified partition.

DISKPART> active

DiskPart marked the current partition as active.

Select the partition 1 built and format the disk, for example, FAT32

DISKPART> select partition 1

Partition 1 is now the selected partition.

DISKPART> format fs=fat32

  100 percent completed

DiskPart successfully formatted the volume.

DISKPART> select partition 1

Partition 1 is now the selected partition.

DISKPART> format fs=fat32

100 percent completed

DiskPart successfully formatted the volume.

Linux, Python, Windows

Scrapy setup

admin / 7 July, 2017

Start a scrapy project at current directory

scrapy startproject tutorial

1	scrapy startproject tutorial

File structure

tutorial/
    scrapy.cfg            # deploy configuration file
    tutorial/             # project's Python module
        __init__.py
        items.py          # project items definition file
        pipelines.py      # project pipelines file
        settings.py       # project settings file
        spiders/          # spiders directory
            __init__.py

tutorial/

scrapy.cfg # deploy configuration file

tutorial/ # project's Python module

__init__.py

items.py # project items definition file

pipelines.py # project pipelines file

settings.py # project settings file

spiders/ # spiders directory

__init__.py

Set up the first spider file (tutorial/tutorial/spiders/quotes_spider.py)

import scrapy


class QuotesSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = "quotes"

    def start_requests(self):
        urls = [
            'http://quotes.toscrape.com/page/1/',
            'http://quotes.toscrape.com/page/2/',
        ]
        for url in urls:
            yield scrapy.Request(url=url, callback=self.parse)

    def parse(self, response):
        page = response.url.split("/")[-2]
        filename = 'quotes-%s.html' % page
        with open(filename, 'wb') as f:
            f.write(response.body)
        self.log('Saved file %s' % filename)

import scrapy

class QuotesSpider(scrapy.Spider):

name = "quotes"

def start_requests(self):

urls = [

'http://quotes.toscrape.com/page/1/',

'http://quotes.toscrape.com/page/2/',

]

for url in urls:

yield scrapy.Request(url=url, callback=self.parse)

def parse(self, response):

page = response.url.split("/")[-2]

filename = 'quotes-%s.html' % page

with open(filename, 'wb') as f:

f.write(response.body)

self.log('Saved file %s' % filename)

Linux, Python, Windows

Scrapy (web crawling) installation [Windows / Kali Linx]

admin / 7 July, 2017

For Python 2.7 / 3.3+ Windows Install scrapy using pip

pip install scrapy

1	pip install scrapy

Kali Linux Since I have both of the Python 2.7 (python) and 3.5.3+ (python3) installed, in order to install the scrapy on python3: Install the pip3 for python3, instead of using pip for old python

apt-get install python3-pip

1	apt-get install python3-pip

Try install scrapy using pip3

pip3 install scrapy

1	pip3 install scrapy

However, the dependency…

Continue Reading→

Linux

Developer Firefox on Kali Linux

admin / 6 July, 2017

Download firefox-55.0b6.tar.bz2 package from the official link https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/developer/ Extract the tar.bz2 and move it into /tmp

$ tar -xvf firefox-55.0b6.tar.bz2
$ mv firefox /tmp

1 2	$ tar -xvf firefox-55.0b6.tar.bz2 $ mv firefox /tmp

Grant the right of access

sudo chown -R root:root /tmp/firefox && mv /tmp/firefox /opt/firefox-dev

1	sudo chown -R root:root /tmp/firefox && mv /tmp/firefox /opt/firefox-dev

Make symbolic link to the firefox-dev

sudo ln -s /opt/firefox-dev/firefox /usr/local/bin/firefox-dev

1	sudo ln -s /opt/firefox-dev/firefox /usr/local/bin/firefox-dev

Open the browser from terminal

firefox-dev

1	firefox-dev

Windows

Command line FTP

admin / 13 June, 2017

❖ + R > cmd

C:\Users\Edward>ftp

1	C:\Users\Edward>ftp

Open connection with FTP server with IP

ftp>open 192.168.1.1

1	ftp>open 192.168.1.1

Input the username of FTP server

User <192.168.1.1:<none>>:

1	User <192.168.1.1:<none>>:

System prompt and input Password

Connected to 192.168.1.1.
220---------- Welcome to Pure-FTPd [privsep] [TLS] ----------
220-You are user number 1 of 50 allowed.
220-Local time is now 14:44. Server port: 21.
220-This is a private system - No anonymous login
220-IPv6 connections are also welcome on this server.
220 You will be disconnected after 15 minutes of inactivity.
User (192.168.1.1:(none)): edward
331 User edward OK. Password required
Password:
230-This server supports FXP transfers

Connected to 192.168.1.1.

220---------- Welcome to Pure-FTPd [privsep] [TLS] ----------

220-You are user number 1 of 50 allowed.

220-Local time is now 14:44. Server port: 21.

220-This is a private system - No anonymous login

220-IPv6 connections are also welcome on this server.

220 You will be disconnected after 15 minutes of inactivity.

User (192.168.1.1:(none)): edward

331 User edward OK. Password required

Password:

230-This server supports FXP transfers

Upon successful connection, we should be able to see the current directory ( / by default)

230 OK. Current restricted directory is /

1	230 OK. Current restricted directory is /

Command line FTP inherits most of the common command from Windows, eg: cd, mkdir

//List file (unix like)
ls

//Upload file from current dir to remote dir
put {filename}

//Download file from remote dir to current dir
get {filename}

//List file (unix like)

//Upload file from current dir to remote dir

put {filename}

//Download file from remote dir to current dir

get {filename}

…

Continue Reading→

Plugins, Windows

Install YouCompleteMe for Vim in Win10 bash [ubuntu]

admin / 27 May, 2017

Enter bash in command prompt:

C:\Users\Edward>bash

1	C:\Users\Edward>bash

Install the prerequisite for the plugin

$ sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake
$ sudo apt-get install python-dev python3-dev

1 2	$ sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake $ sudo apt-get install python-dev python3-dev

Check for python support of vim (either python 2 / 3)

$ vim --version

1	$ vim --version

Find the path for user vimrc script (by default: $HOME/.vimrc) And install the plugin using Vundle

$ git clone https://github.com/VundleVim/Vundle.vim.git ~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim

1	$ git clone https://github.com/VundleVim/Vundle.vim.git ~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim

Edit the vimrc script to enable plugin support

$ sudo vi $HOME/.vimrc

1	$ sudo vi $HOME/.vimrc

Copy the following text into the .vimrc

set nocompatible              " be iMproved, required
filetype off                  " required

" set the runtime path to include Vundle and initialize
set rtp+=~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim
call vundle#begin()
" alternatively, pass a path where Vundle should install plugins
"call vundle#begin('~/some/path/here')

" let Vundle manage Vundle, required
Plugin 'VundleVim/Vundle.vim'
Plugin 'Valloric/YouCompleteMe'

call vundle#end()

set nocompatible " be iMproved, required

filetype off " required

" set the runtime path to include Vundle and initialize

set rtp+=~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim

call vundle#begin()

" alternatively, pass a path where Vundle should install plugins

"call vundle#begin('~/some/path/here')

" let Vundle manage Vundle, required

Plugin 'VundleVim/Vundle.vim'

Plugin 'Valloric/YouCompleteMe'

call vundle#end()

Before…

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Linux

Steps 1. Go to directory of the AUR package(foo.tar.gz) 2. Extract the AUR package (.tar.gz->PKGBUILD) 3. Go into the extracted folder 4. Make the package (PKGBUILD -> .tar.xz) 5. Install the tar.xz made from (4) using pacman Go to directory of the AUR package(foo.tar.gz)

＄cd Downloads

1	＄cd Downloads

Extract the AUR package

$tar -xvf foo.tar.gz

1	$tar -xvf foo.tar.gz

Change directory into the extracted folder

$cd foo

$cd foo

Make the package…

Continue Reading→

Tech Blog of Edward

Category: OS

[libressl] Generate RSA key

[libressl] Setup

Gatekeeper [Network setup]

Recover corrupted USB from format of other OS to windows

Scrapy setup

Scrapy (web crawling) installation [Windows / Kali Linx]

Developer Firefox on Kali Linux

Command line FTP

Install YouCompleteMe for Vim in Win10 bash [ubuntu]

[ArchLinux] Install from AUR